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Initialize Char Array in C

Created: February-01, 2021 | Updated: February-07, 2021

1. Use {} Curly Braced Listing Notation to Initialize a char Array in C
2. Use String Assignment to Initialize a char Assortment in C
3. Employ {{ }} Double Curly Braces to Initialize 2D char Assortment in C

This article will demonstrate multiple methods of how to initialize a char assortment in C.

Employ {} Curly Braced Listing Note to Initialize a char Assortment in C

A char array is mostly declared as a stock-still-sized structure and often initialized immediately. Curly braced list notation is one of the available methods to initialize the char array with constant values.

It'southward possible to specify merely the portion of the elements in the curly braces as the remainder of chars is implicitly initialized with a zippo byte value.

It tin can be useful if the char array needs to be printed as a character string. Since at that place's a zero byte character guaranteed to exist stored at the end of valid characters, then the printf part can exist efficiently utilized with the %s format string specifier to output the array's content.

              #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <stdio.h>  void printCharArray(char *arr, size_t len) {     printf("arr: ");     for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {         printf("%c, ", arr[i]);     }     printf("\n"); }  enum {LENGTH = 21, Height = five};  int main(){     char c_arr[LENGTH] = {'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g'};     printCharArray(c_arr, LENGTH);      exit(EXIT_SUCCESS); }                          

Output:

              arr: a, b, c, d, e, f, m, , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,                          

Use String Assignment to Initialize a char Array in C

Another useful method to initialize a char array is to assign a string value in the annunciation statement. The string literal should have fewer characters than the length of the array; otherwise, there will be merely part of the cord stored and no terminating null character at the cease of the buffer.

Thus, if the user will attempt to print the assortment's content with the %s specifier, it might access the memory region after the terminal character and probably will throw a fault.

Note that c_arr has a length of 21 characters and is initialized with a 20 char long string. Equally a consequence, the 21st character in the array is guaranteed to be \0 byte, making the contents a valid grapheme string.

              #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <stdio.h>  void printCharArray(char *arr, size_t len) {     printf("arr: ");     for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {         printf("%c, ", arr[i]);     }     printf("\n"); }  enum {LENGTH = 21, HEIGHT = 5};  int main(){     char c_arr[LENGTH] = "assortment initialization";     char c_arr2[LENGTH] = "array initialization.f";     printCharArray(c_arr, LENGTH);     printCharArray(c_arr2, LENGTH);     printf("%s\n", c_arr);     printf("%south\due north", c_arr2);      leave(EXIT_SUCCESS); }                          

Output:

              arr: a, r, r, a, y,  , i, n, i, t, i, a, 50, i, z, a, t, i, o, n,  , arr: a, r, r, a, y,  , i, n, i, t, i, a, l, i, z, a, t, i, o, northward, ., assortment initialization array initialization.//garbage values//                          

Use {{ }} Double Curly Braces to Initialize 2D char Array in C

The curly braced list can also be utilized to initialize two-dimensional char arrays. In this case, we declare a 5x5 char array and include 5 braced strings within the outer curly braces.

Note that each string literal in this example initializes the five-element rows of the matrix. The content of this ii-dimensional array can't be printed with %s specifier as the length of each row matches the length of the string literals; thus, in that location's no terminating null byte stored implicitly during the initialization. Ordinarily, the compiler will warn if the string literals are larger than the array rows.

              #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <stdio.h>  enum {LENGTH = 5, HEIGHT = five};  int primary(){     char c_arr[HEIGHT][Top] = { {"hello"}, {"there"}, {"multi"}, {"dimen"}, {"sion."} };      for (size_t i = 0; i < Summit; ++i) {         for (size_t j = 0; j < HEIGHT; ++j) {             printf("%c, ", c_arr[i][j]);         }         printf("\due north");     }     printf("\n");      leave(EXIT_SUCCESS); }                          

Output:

              h, eastward, fifty, 50, o, t, h, east, r, east, 1000, u, l, t, i, d, i, m, e, north, southward, i, o, n, .,                          

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